Lay summary
Most health statistics are produced at for large regions or at a national level. There are often major difficulties with applying these statistics to understand health outcomes at smaller region as the small numbers mean the results are not precise enough to be useful. In addition, the low Māori coverage of recent censuses has created uncertainty in the information about local Māori populations. This PhD work will use official Māori health data to explore new statistical methods for addressing the uncertainty that comes from analysing small numbers, especially where the population information is also uncertain. This will make existing health data much more useful to understanding Māori health outcomes at a local level.